Archive for the ‘Uncategorized’ Category

14th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)

Monday, January 5th, 2009

14th Infantry Brigade
Active World War I: 1914–1918
World War II: 1939–1945
Country Great Britain
Branch British Army
Type Infantry
Airlanding
Role Chindit
Engagements Battle of Crete and Battle of Tobruk

The British 14th Infantry Brigade was a British Army formation during both the First World War and the Second World War.

Contents

  • 1 History
    • 1.1 World War I
      • 1.1.1 Component units World War I
    • 1.2 World War II
      • 1.2.1 Component units World War II
    • 1.3 Commanders
  • 2 See also
  • 3 References

History

World War I

In 1914 this brigade was part of the 5th Division and moved over to France. In 1915 the brigade was transferred to the British 32nd Division.

Component units World War I

  • 1st Bn, The Devonshire Regiment
  • 2nd Bn, The Suffolk Regiment - left September 1914
  • 1st Bn, The East Surrey Regiment
  • 1st Bn, The DCLI
  • 2nd Bn, The Manchesters
  • 1/5th Bn, The Cheshires - joined February 1915, left November 1915
  • 1/9th (Highlanders) Bn, The Royal Scots - joined November 1915
  • 2nd Bn, The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers - joined November 1915

World War II

At the start of the war this unit was made up of regular army battalions based in the Middle East garrisons, nominally part of the 8th Infantry Division. It was present at the Battle of Crete, holding Heraklion airfield and causing many casualties among the German Parachute troops. Evacuated to North Africa where it became part of the British 70th Infantry Division in the break out from Tobruk. The British 70th Infantry Division was transferred to India and then Burma. Here the division, including the 14th Infantry Brigade, was split up and reformed as Chindits, fighting in the Second Chindit Expedition of 1944 (codenamed Operation Thursday). On 1 November 1944 the brigade was redesignated as the British 14th Airlanding Brigade.

Component units World War II

  • 2nd Battalion, Queen’s Own Regiment
  • 1st Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
  • 2nd Battalion, The Rifle Brigade
  • 1st Battalion, Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment
  • 2nd Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment
  • 2nd Battalion, Black Watch
  • 7th Battalion, The Royal Leicestershire Regiment

Commanders

  • Brig. G. Dawes (3 September 1939–26 July 1940)
  • Brig. O.H. Tidbury (30 October 1940–27 April 1941)
  • Brig. B.H. Chappel (27 April 1941–2 May 1942)
  • Brig. A. Gilroy (2 May 1942–6 November 1943)
  • Brig. T. Brodie (6 November 1943–31 October 1944)

See also

  • British Divisions in WWII
  • British 6th Infantry Division
  • British 70th Infantry Division
  • Chindits
  • Battle of Tobruk
  • Battle of Crete

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The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter

Monday, January 5th, 2009

The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter  

First edition cover
Author Carson McCullers
Country United States
Language English
Publisher Houghton Mifflin
Publication date 1940
Media type Print (Hardcover)
Pages 356 pp

The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter is the debut 1940 novel by American author Carson McCullers. It is about a deaf man named John Singer and the people he encounters in a 1930s mill town in the U.S. state of Georgia. It created a literary sensation on publication, enjoying a meteoric rise to the top of the bestseller lists in 1940 and was the first in a string of works by McCullers to give voice to the rejected, forgotten, mistreated and oppressed. The novel was chosen as a selection for Oprah’s Book Club in 2004.

Time Magazine included the novel in its TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005.

Contents

  • 1 Plot introduction
  • 2 Film adaptation
  • 3 Play adaptation
  • 4 References
  • 5 External links

Plot introduction

The struggles of four of John Singer’s primary acquaintances make up the majority of the narrative. They are Mick Kelly, a young girl; Jake Blount, an alcoholic labor agitator; Biff Brannon, a restaurateur; and Dr. Benedict Copeland, an idealistic African-American doctor.

Film adaptation

Main article: The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter (film)

Play adaptation

A stage adaptation of The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter premiered on March 30, 2005 at The Alliance Theater in Atlanta, Georgia. The show ran until April 24 of that year, and then toured. The play was an Alliance Theater presentation done in association with The Acting Company out of New York. The play was in two acts adapted from the novel by Rebecca Gilman and directed by Doug Hughes.

References

  1. ^ http://www.time.com/time/2005/100books/
  2. ^ Heart Tour Program: The Acting Company www.theactingcompany.org
  3. ^ Variety http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117926738.html?categoryid=33&cs=1

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Recreational drug use

Monday, January 5th, 2009

Recreational drug use is the use of psychoactive drugs for recreational purposes rather than for work, medical or spiritual purposes, although the distinction is not always clear (often spiritual use is considered recreational).

Psychopharmacologist Ronald K. Siegel refers to intoxication as the “fourth drive,” arguing that the human instinct to seek mind-altering substances has so much force and persistence that it functions like the human drives for hunger, thirst and shelter.

Contents

  • 1 Distinctions
    • 1.1 Responsible drug use
  • 2 Drugs popularly used for recreation
    • 2.1 Most Popular Psychoactives
    • 2.2 Other Psychoactives
      • 2.2.1 Barbiturates, including
      • 2.2.2 Benzodiazepines, including
      • 2.2.3 Nonbenzodiazepines, including
      • 2.2.4 Deliriants, including
      • 2.2.5 Dissociative anaesthetics, including
      • 2.2.6 Opium (Papaver somniferum) and opioids, including
      • 2.2.7 Phenethylamines, including, but not limited to
      • 2.2.8 Stimulants, including
      • 2.2.9 Indole alkaloids, including, but not limited to
      • 2.2.10 Inhalants, including
      • 2.2.11 Unclassified
  • 3 Demographics
    • 3.1 United States
    • 3.2 Ireland
    • 3.3 Worldwide
  • 4 See also
  • 5 References
  • 6 External links

Distinctions

Responsible drug use

Main article: Responsible drug use

The concept of responsible drug use is that a person can use recreational drugs with reduced or eliminated risk of negatively affecting other parts of one’s life or other peoples lives. Advocates of this philosophy point to the many well-known artists and intellectuals who have used drugs, experimentally or otherwise, with few detrimental effects on their lives. Critics argue that the drugs are escapist–and dangerous, unpredictable and sometimes addictive, and have negative and profound effects in geographic areas well beyond the location of the consumer. It should be noted that these criticism can apply to a number of non drug related addictions and behavioral abuse disorders. According to medical literature, responsible drug use only becomes drug abuse when the use of the substance significantly interferes with the user’s daily life.

Drugs popularly used for recreation

Most Popular Psychoactives

The drugs most popular for recreational use worldwide are:

  • Ethanol (commonly known as alcohol) - Legal in most parts of the world.
  • Caffeine - Most widely used legal psychoactive substance.
    • Theobromine - Caffeine-related substance found in chocolate.
  • Cannabis (Cannabinoids, primarily Tetrahydrocannabinol) - Most widely used psychoactive that is illegal in many parts of the world.
  • Tobacco (nicotine) - Legal in most parts of the world.

Other Psychoactives

Other substances often used (street names in italics):

Barbiturates, including
  • Amobarbital (Sodium Amytal)
  • Aprobarbital (Alurate)
  • Butalbital (Fiorinal, Fioricet)
  • Methylphenobarbital (Mebaral)
  • Sodium thiopental (Sodium Pentothal), truth serum
  • Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
  • Phenobarbital (Luminal)
  • Secobarbital (Seconal)

Benzodiazepines, including
  • Alprazolam (Xanax)
  • Bromazepam (Lexotanil)
  • Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
  • Clonazepam (Rivotril, Klonopin)
  • Diazepam (Valium), mommy’s little helper
  • Lorazepam (Temesta, Ativan)
  • Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
  • Midazolam (Dormicum)
  • Nimetazepam (Erimin)
  • Nitrazepam (Mogadon)
  • Oxazepam (Seresta)
  • Temazepam (Normison, Restoril)

Nonbenzodiazepines, including
  • Zaleplon (Sonata)
  • Zolpidem (Ambien)
  • Zopiclone (Imovane)
  • Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

Deliriants, including
  • Atropine (Tropane alkaloid), found in datura, angel’s trumpets
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, Sominex, Unisom, Nytol)
  • Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
  • Scopolamine (Tropane alkaloid), found in datura, angel’s trumpets

Dissociative anaesthetics, including
  • Nitrous oxide, laughing gas, whip-its
  • Dextromethorphan (DXM), dex, dextro, skittles, robo
    • Triple Cs, CCC refers to a mixture of this and Chlorpheniramine maleate
  • Ketamine (Ketaset, Ketanest, Ketalar), K, Special K
  • Phencyclidine (PCP), angel dust

Opium (Papaver somniferum) and opioids, including
  • Buprenorphine (Temgesic, Transtec, Subutex), Temies, Subbies
  • Codeine
    • Purple drank refers to a mixture of this and Promethazine
  • Dextropropoxyphene (Depronal, Darvocet)
  • Diacetylmorphine (Heroin)
  • Dihydrocodeine (DHC), (DF 118)
  • Fentanyl (Duragesic, Sublimaze, Actiq)
    • 3-Methylfentanyl
  • Hydrocodone (Vicodin), (Lortab)
  • Hydromorphone (Dilaudid), (Palladon)
  • Meperidine, or Pethidine (Demerol)
  • Methadone (Symoron, Methadose)
  • Morphine (MS Contin, Oramorph, Kapanol)
  • Nicomorphine (Morzet)
  • Oxycodone (OxyContin, OxyNorm, Roxicodone)
  • Oxymorphone (Opana)
  • Pentazocine (Fortral)
  • Tramadol (Ultram, Tramal, Tramagetic)

Phenethylamines, including, but not limited to
  • 2C-B, nexus, bees
  • 2C-E
  • 2C-I, substance sometimes sold as mescaline
  • 2C-T-2
  • 2C-T-7
  • DOB
  • DOM
  • DOC, substance sometimes sold on blotter paper as LSD
  • MDMA, ecstasy
  • MDEA
  • MDA
  • Mescaline (found in peyote, peruvian torch, san pedro and other cacti).
  • Nutmeg, the active constituents of such are metabolized by the body into phenethylamine compounds, including PMA

For more information see: PiHKAL.

NOTE: Several stimulant substances are also classified chemically as Phenethylamines, including amphetamines and ephedrine.

Stimulants, including
  • BZP and other piperazine-based drugs (mCPP, TFMPP), party pills
  • Cathinone (found in the khat plant)
  • Cocaine, coke
    • Crack refers to a freebase, cut form of the substance made for smoking
  • Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine, Adderall), speed
  • Methamphetamine (Desoxyn), meth, ice)
  • Methcathinone (”cat”, chemically related to, but not to be confused with khat/qat/cathinone)
  • Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)
  • Ephedrine
  • Propylhexedrine, OTC stimulant chemically similar to methamphetamine

Indole alkaloids, including, but not limited to
  • Tryptamines, including, but not limited to:
    • Dimethyltryptamine (DMT, found in numerous plants)
    • Psilocybin and psilocin (found in psychedelic mushrooms), shrooms
    • Diisopropyltryptamine (DiPT)
  • LSA (Lysergic acid amide/ergine, found in Morning Glory seeds)
  • LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) (Delysid), acid
  • Ibogaine (found in the Tabernanthe iboga plant)

For more information see: TiHKAL.

NOTE: In regards to chemical classification, several psychoactives without effect-based classification also fall into this category including yohimbe and 7-hydroxymitragynine, the active constituent of kratom.

Inhalants, including
  • Alkyl nitrites (poppers)
  • Chloroethane
  • Chloroform
  • Diethyl ether
  • Gasoline
  • Glue
  • Toluene
  • Jenkem

Unclassified
  • gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
  • Kava
  • Kratom
  • MAO inhibitors (Harmala, Harmaline), to potentiate certain other drugs
  • Muscimol and Ibotenic acid, the psychoactive constituents of Amanita Muscaria mushrooms, toadstools
  • Salvinorin A, found in Salvia divinorum, diviner’s sage
  • Carisoprodol (Soma)
  • Yohimbine, found in energy/weight-loss supplements/drinks and used traditionally as an aphrodisiac
  • Methaqualone, “Quaalude”

Demographics


Smoking any tobacco product, %, Males (See the same map for female smokers.)


Total recorded alcohol per capita consumption (15+), in litres of pure alcohol

United States

Drug use has increased in all categories since prohibition. Since 1937, 20% to 37% of the youth in the United States have used marijuana. One in four high school seniors has used the drug in the past month; one in ten 8th graders has done so. Between 1972 and 1988, the use of cocaine increased more than fivefold. The usage patterns of the current two most prevalent drugs, methamphetamine and ecstasy, have shown similar gains.

Ireland

A study in Ireland found that for teenagers aged 15-19:

  • 86% Drink alcohol (the legal alcohol purchase age and public drinking age is 18.)
    • 51% binge drink (defined as five drinks or more at occasion) at least once a month.
    • 19% Binge drink once a week.
    • On a typical drinking occasion, the average amount of alcoholic beverages consumed is 5.75 pints.
    • The average age for taking a first alcoholic drink is 13½.
  • 50% Have used illegal drugs at least once.
    • 41% Have used cannabis at least once.
    • The average age of first illegal drug use is 14½.

Worldwide

Usage rates around the world:

  • Adult lifetime cannabis use by country
  • Annual cannabis use by country
  • List of countries by alcohol consumption

See also

  • 420 (cannabis culture)
  • Arguments for and against drug prohibition
  • Cannabis culture
  • Club drug
  • Demand reduction
  • Drug abuse
  • Drug subculture
  • Hard and soft drugs
  • Harm reduction
  • Intravenous drug use (recreational)
  • Opium den
  • Party and play
  • Prohibition (drugs)
  • Psychedelic
  • Psychoactive drug
  • Responsible drug use
  • Spiritual use of cannabis
  • Stoner film

References

  1. ^ Siegel, Ronald K (2005). Intoxication: The universal drive for mind-altering substances. Vermont: Park Street Press. vii. ISBN 1-59477-069-7. 
  2. ^ Lingeman, Drugs from A-Z A Dictionary, Penguin ISBN 0 7139 0136 5
  3. ^ Lingeman, Drugs from A-Z A Dictionary, Penguin ISBN 0 7139 0136 5
  4. ^ a b Erowid.org, Erowid Psychoactive Vaults, http://www.erowid.org/psychoactives/psychoactives.shtml
  5. ^ DEA Drug Database, http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/concern/concern.htm
  6. ^ WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008
  7. ^ Global Status Report on Alcohol 2004
  8. ^ a b c Monitoring The Future
  9. ^ Charles Whitebread: The History of the Non-Medical Use of Drugs in the United States
  10. ^ Controlling Cocaine: Supply Versus Demand Programs
  11. ^ RTÉ News - Half of young people use drink, drugs
  • Walton, Stuart (2002). Out of It: A Cultural History of Intoxication. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-027977-6. 
    • The Cult of Pharmacology: How America Became the World’s Most Troubled Drug Culture by Richard DeGrandpre, Duke University Press, 2006.
  • Dale Pendell, Pharmakodynamis: Stimulating Plants, Potions and Herbcraft: Excitantia and Empathogenica, San Francisco: Mercury House, 2002.
  • Pharmako/Poeia: Plant Powers, Poisons, and Herbcraft, San Francisco: Mercury House, 1995.

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Sh?gun (TV miniseries)

Monday, January 5th, 2009

Sh?gun
Directed by Jerry London
Produced by Eric Bercovici
Ben Chapman
James Clavell
Kerry Feltham
Written by James Clavell (novel)
Eric Bercovici
Starring Richard Chamberlain
Toshirô Mifune
Yôko Shimada
Damien Thomas
John Rhys-Davies
Music by Maurice Jarre
Richard Bowden arranger
Cinematography Andrew Laszlo
Editing by James T. Heckert
Bill Luciano
Donald R. Rode
Benjamin A. Weissman
Jerry S. Young
Release date(s) 1980 (USA)
Running time 547 min.
125 minutes (theatrical version)
Country  United States
Language English

Sh?gun is an American television miniseries based on the namesake novel by James Clavell. The miniseries was broadcast over five nights, between September 15 and September 19, 1980 on NBC in the United States. As with the novel, the title is often shown as Sh?gun in order to conform to Hepburn romanization.

Contents

  • 1 Plot
  • 2 Cast
  • 3 Episode guide
  • 4 Ratings
  • 5 Sexuality and violence
  • 6 Cast
  • 7 Awards
  • 8 Theatrical release
  • 9 External links

Plot

The story is based on the adventures of English navigator William Adams. The series follows Pilot John Blackthorne’s experiences in Japan in the early 1600’s.

Cast

The miniseries, with narration by Orson Welles, starred Richard Chamberlain as John Blackthorne (Anjin-san), Toshiro Mifune as Lord Toranaga, Yoko Shimada as Lady Toda Buntaro a.k.a. Mariko, John Rhys-Davies in one of his first major roles as Portuguese Pilot Vasco Rodrigues and Michael Hordern as Friar Domingo.

Episode guide

Episode Original US Air Date Times Notes
01 15 September 1980 8 pm - 11 pm Eastern (3 hr opener)
02 16 September 1980 8 pm - 10 pm Eastern
03 17 September 1980 9 pm - 11 pm Eastern
04 18 September 1980 9 pm - 11 pm Eastern
05 19 September 1980 8 pm - 11 pm Eastern (3 hr finale)

It was also broadcast in repeats as six two-hour parts and sometimes edited for content (particularly the omission of the beheading and urinating scenes in episode 1). The DVD release has no episode breaks. It is divided over 4 discs with bonus features on disc 5.

Ratings

The mini-series was one of the highest-rated programs in NBC history and sparked a wave of historical-based miniseries over the next few years. A shorter version of the mini-series, edited down to only two hours, was released to home video and some theatres as a feature film; this version of the film includes nudity, sexuality, and violence that was not included in the broadcast version. The success of the miniseries was credited with increasing awareness of Japanese culture in America. In the documentary The Making of Sh?gun, it is stated that the rise of Japanese food establishments in the US (particularly sushi houses) is attributed to Sh?gun.

Sexuality and violence


Blackthorne and Mariko

Sh?gun broke several taboos and firsts for American broadcast TV.

  • It was the first network show allowed to use the word “piss” in dialogue and actually to show the act of urination.
  • A man shown being beheaded early in the first chapter was another first for network TV (although the film version of the sequence was more bloody).
  • The miniseries was also noted for its frank discussion of sexuality, nudity, and of matters such as Japanese ritual suicide (seppuku).
  • To date, it is the only USA-based TV show/miniseries to be filmed entirely on location in Japan. Even the studio shots were done in Japanese studios.

Out of all the Japanese actors hired to be part of the cast, only two spoke English in the entire production: Mariko (Yoko Shimada) and Urano (Takeshi Ôbayashi). At the time the miniseries was made, Shimada did not actually know English and relied on a dialogue coach to help her with English dialogue.

Originally, according to the documentary The Making of Sh?gun, featured on the North American DVD release, James Clavell wanted Sean Connery to play Blackthorne, but Connery balked at doing television. Other actors considered for the role included Roger Moore and Albert Finney. It was also noted in the documentary that during the week of broadcast, many restaurants and movie houses saw a decrease in business. The documentary states many stayed home to watch Sh?gun — unprecedented for a television broadcast. (The broadcast predated popular use of the home VCR by several years.)

Cast

  • Richard Chamberlain as Pilot-Major John Blackthorne (Anjin-san)
  • Toshir? Mifune as Yoshi Toranaga, Lord of the Kwanto
  • Yôko Shimada as Lady Mariko Buntaro-Toda
  • Damien Thomas as Father Martin Alvito
  • John Rhys-Davies as Portuguese Pilot Vasco Rodrigues
  • Takeshi Ôbayashi as Urano
  • Michael Hordern as Friar Domingo
  • Yuki Meguro as Omi, Head Samurai of Anjiro
  • Frankie Sakai as Lord Kasigi Yabu, Daimyo of Izu
  • Alan Badel as Father Dell’Aqua
  • Leon Lissek as Father Sebastio
  • Vladek Sheybal as Captain Ferriera
  • Hideo Takamatsu as Lord Buntaro
  • Nobuo Kaneko as Ishido, Ruler of Osaka Castle
  • Hiromi Senno as Fujiko
  • George Innes as Johann Vinck
  • Hiroshi Hasegawa as Galley Captain
  • Akira Sera as Old Gardener
  • Atsuko Sano as Lady Ochiba
  • Miiko Taka as Kiri

Awards

  • 1981 Peabody Award
  • 1981 Golden Globe, won:
    • Best TV-Series - Drama
    • Best Performance by an Actor in a TV-Series - Drama: Richard Chamberlain
    • Best Performance by an Actress in a TV-Series - Drama: Yôko Shimada
  • 1981 nominated American Cinema Editors “Eddie” Award, Best Edited Episode from a Television Mini-Series(episode 1): James T. Heckert, Bill Luciano, Donald R. Rode, Benjamin A. Weissman, Jerry Young
  • 1981 Emmy, won:
    • Outstanding Limited Series: James Clavell (executive producer), Eric Bercovici (producer)
    • Outstanding Costume Design for a Series (episode 5): Shin Nishida
    • Outstanding Graphic Design and Title Sequences (episode 1): Phill Norman (graphic designer)
  • 1981 Emmy, nominated:
    • Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or a Special: Richard Chamberlain
    • Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or a Special: Toshirô Mifune
    • Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or a Special: Yôko Shimada
    • Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or a Special: John Rhys-Davies
    • Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or a Special: Yuki Meguro
    • Outstanding Achievement in Film Sound Editing (episode 3): Stanley Paul (supervising sound editor), William Andrews (sound editor), Leonard Corso (sound editor), Denis Dutton (sound editor), Jack A. Finlay (sound editor), Robert Gutknecht (sound editor), Sean Hanley (sound editor), Pierre Jalbert (sound editor), Jack Keath (sound editor), Alan L. Nineberg (sound editor), Lee Osborne (sound editor), Tally Paulos (sound editor)
    • Outstanding Art Direction for a Limited Series or a Special (episode 5): Joseph R. Jennings (production designer), Yoshinobu Nishioka (art director), Tom Pedigo (set decorator), Shoichi Yasuda (set decorator)
    • Outstanding Cinematography for a Limited Series or a Special (episode 4): Andrew Laszlo
    • Outstanding Directing in a Limited Series or a Special (episode 5): Jerry London
    • Outstanding Film Editing for a Limited Series or a Special (episode 5): Donald R. Rode, Benjamin A. Weissman, Jerry Young, Bill Luciano
    • Outstanding Writing in a Limited Series or a Special (episode 5): Eric Bercovici (writer)

Theatrical release

A 125-minute edit of the miniseries was released to theatrical film markets in Europe in 1980. This version was also the first version of the miniseries to be released to the home video market in North America (a release of the full miniseries did not occur until later). The film version contains additional violence and nudity that had been removed from the NBC version.

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Kalesija

Monday, January 5th, 2009

Kalesija
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Coat of arms of Kalesija
Coat of arms
Location of Kalesija within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Location of Kalesija within Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Kalesija (Bosnia)

Kalesija
Kalesija

Location of Kalesija

Coordinates: 44°27?N 18°52?E? / ?44.45, 18.867
Country  Bosnia and Herzegovina
Government
 - Municipality president Rasim Omerovi? (SDA)
Population (1991 census)
 - Total 41,795
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Area code(s) +387 35
Website: http://www.kalesija.ba

Kalesija is a town and municipality in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The town of Kalesija is located east of Tuzla. It is administratively part of the Tuzla Canton and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Contents

  • 1 Demographics
    • 1.1 1971
    • 1.2 1991
    • 1.3 Current population
  • 2 External links

Demographics

1971

32.577 total

  • Muslims - 24.771 (76,03)
  • Serbs - 7.606 (23,34)
  • Croats - 40 (0,12)
  • Yugoslavs - 23 (0,07)
  • Others - 137 (0,44)

1991

In the 1991 census, the municipality of Kalesija had 41,795 inhabitants:

  • 33,226 Bosniaks (79.5%),
  • 7,669 Serbs (18.4%),
  • 33 Croats (0.1%),
  • 270 Yugoslavs (0.6%),
  • and 597 others (1.4%).

Current population

Today, the population of Kalesija is uncertain since no census has been conducted after 1991. However, it is certain that during the 1990s, the municipality of Kalesija received roughly 4000 Bosniak refugees from primarily the nearby municipalities of Zvornik and Bijeljina. At the same time, parts of the Serb population left, after Kalesija became an administratively part of the Tuzla Canton and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

So, today it is safe to say that the municipality of Kalesija has a clear Bosniak majority with a population of approx. 40,000 (est.) residents.

In 2005, 99% of population of the municipality were ethnic Bosniaks.

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Susan Whelan

Monday, January 5th, 2009




















Susan Whelan

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Susan E. Whelan, PC (born May 5, 1963 in Windsor, Ontario) was a Canadian Member of Parliament (elected in Essex—Windsor in 1993 and Essex in 1997 and 2000) and cabinet minister She was Minister for International Cooperation.

Whelan lost to the Conservative Party candidate, Jeff Watson, in the 2004 election, and again in the 2006 election, and again in the 2008 election.

She is the daughter of former Liberal Federal Minister of Agriculture, the Honourable Eugene Whelan.

Susan Whelan is trained as a lawyer. She shares her father’s passionate interest in Canadian agriculture, having made Agriculture and Rural Development one of the key elements of policy during her tenure as Minister.

She is currently practicing Law in Windsor, while teaching part time at the University of Windsor, appropriately situated in the political science department.

She also represents the Ambassador Bridge Company on the Green Corridor Project.

26th Ministry - Government of Jean Chrétien
Cabinet Posts (1)
Predecessor Office Successor
Maria Minna Minister for International Cooperation
(2002–2003)
Aileen Carroll
Parliament of Canada
Preceded by
Electoral district created in 1996
Member of Parliament for Essex
1996–2004
Succeeded by
Jeff Watson, Conservative
Preceded by
Steven Langdon, New Democratic Party
Member of Parliament for Essex-Windsor
1993–1996
Succeeded by
Riding abolished in 1996

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Whelan”
Categories: 1963 births | Living people | Members of the Canadian House of Commons from Ontario | Liberal Party of Canada MPs | Members of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada | Canadian women Members of Parliament | Canadian Roman Catholics

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Capitals of Korea

Monday, January 5th, 2009




















Capital of Korea

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Korea has had a number of capitals. Korea is a peninsula in East Asia, currently the peninsula is divided into two countries.

  • Seoul — capital of South Korea a.k.a. Republic of Korea (ROK)
  • Pyongyang — capital of North Korea a.k.a. Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (PRK, sometimes PROK or DPK)

The Gojoeson were the first recognized Korean peoples.

  • Liaoning — first capital (pre 400BCE)
  • Pyongyang — second capital (post 400BCE)

During the first Three Kingdoms period

  • — capital of Goguryeo
  • Gyeongju — capital of Silla
  • Seoul — first capital of Baekje
  • Ungjin — second capital of Baekje
  • Sabi — third capital of Baekje

After the first Three Kingdoms period, Goryeo united Korea

  • Kaeseong

During the second Three Kingdoms period

  • Gyeongju — capital of Silla
  • — capital of Hubaekje
  • — capital of Taebong

After the second Three Kingdoms period, Joseon united Korea

  • Kaeseong — first capital
  • Seoul — second capital
 This Korea-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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Wadsworth, Ohio

Sunday, January 4th, 2009

Wadsworth, Ohio
Location of Wadsworth, Ohio
Location of Wadsworth, Ohio
Coordinates: 41°1?40?N 81°43?47?W? / ?41.02778, -81.72972
Country United States
State Ohio
County Medina
Government
 - Mayor Robin L. Laubaugh
Area
 - Total 9.5 sq mi (24.6 km2)
 - Land 9.5 sq mi (24.6 km2)
 - Water 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2)
Elevation 1,168 ft (356 m)
Population (2000)
 - Total 18,437
 - Density 1,940.5/sq mi (749.2/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 44281-44282
Area code(s) 330
FIPS code 39-80304
GNIS feature ID 1065441

Wadsworth is a city in Medina County, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1814, it was named after General Elijah Wadsworth, a Revolutionary War hero. The population was 18,437 at the 2000 census.

Contents

  • 1 Geography
  • 2 Demographics
  • 3 Education
  • 4 Blue Tip Festival
  • 5 Notable natives
  • 6 References
  • 7 External links

Geography

Wadsworth is located at 41°1′40″ North, 81°43′47″ West (41.027867, -81.729768).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 9.5 square miles (24.6 km²), all of it land.

The closest large cities are Cleveland and Akron.

Demographics

Per the City of Wadsworth, OH Demographic Study December, 2007

Population
As of the 2000 census, the population of Wadsworth was 18,437 with an additional 3,996 residents in the township. . The estimated population for 2007 is 20,417 , an increase of 10.7%. It is estimated that the population in this area will be 21,075 in 2012, representing a change of 4.3% from 2007. The current population is 48.4% male and 51.6% female. In 2007, the median age of the population in this area was 39.8, compared to the US median age which was 36.7. The population density is 2,126.1 people per square mile.

Households
There are currently 7,874 households in this selected geography. The Census revealed household counts of 7,263 in 2000, up from 6,153 in 1990, representing a change of 18.0%. It is estimated that the number of households in this area will be 8,189 in 2012, representing a change of 4.0% from the current year. For the current year, the average household size in this area is 2.57 persons. In 2007, the median number of years in residence in this geography’s population is 5.76. The average household size in this geography was 2.54 people and the average family size was 3.18 people. The average number of vehicles per household in this geography was 2.0.

Income
In 2007, the median household income in this selected geography was $58,723, compared to the US median which was $51,680. The Census revealed median household incomes of $49,079 in 2000 and $32,110 in 1990 representing a change of 52.8%. It is estimated that the median household income in this area will be $65,264 in 2012, which would represent a change of 11.1% from the current year. In 2007, the per capita income in this area was $23,408, compared to the $US per capita, which was $25,232. The 2007 average household income for this area was $60,368, compared to the US average which was $65,273.

Race & Ethnicity
In 2007, the racial makeup of this selected area was as follows: 97.0% White; 0.5% Black; 0.2% Native American; 0.9% Asian/Pacific Islander; and 0.3% Other, which does not equal 100%. Compare these to the US racial makeup which was: 74.5% White, 12.0% Black, 0.8% Native American, 4.6% Asian/Pacific Islander and 5.3% Other. People of Hispanic ethnicity are counted independently of race. People of Hispanic origin make up 0.8% of the current year population in this selected area. Compare this to the US makeup of 15.1%. Changes in the population within each race and ethnicity category from the 1990 Census to the 2000 Census are as follows: 5.6% American Indian, Eskimo, Aleut Population; 44.0% Asian, Pacific Islander; -2.9% Black; 118.3% Hispanic Ethnicity; 168.8% Other; White 14.5%.

Housing
The median housing value in this area was $67,641 in 1990, compare this to the US median of $78,382 for the same year. The 2000 Census median housing value was $121,202, which is a 79.2% change from 1990. In 1990, there were 4,490 owner occupied housing units in this area vs. 5,480 in 2000. Also in 1990, there were 1,662 renter occupied housing units in this area vs. 1,783 in 2000. The average rent in 1990 was $307 vs. $488 in 2000.

The city of Wadsworth operates with the Wadsworth Police Department and the Wadsworth Fire Department, for public safety needs.The Police Department is staffed with a minimum of 3 officers 24 hours a day 7 days a week.The Fire Department is also staffed with firefighter/medics 24 hours a day 7 days a week.

Education

Wadsworth City Schools is the single largest employer in the city. The district has benefitted from the support of the community passing six of the last seven levies put before the voters.In addition, the district voters supported the recent Medina County Sales Tax (the first in Ohio) at a rate of 74% for the levy.According to school district Treasurer Doug Beeman, revenues for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2007 out passed expenditures as the school system continues to manage the resources provided by the community.

Wadsworth High School and Wadsworth Middle School are members of the Ohio High School Athletic Association. The high school mascot is the Grizzly and the middle school mascot is the Bear Cub.

Wadsworth City School district operates eight schools. There are 5 elementary schools (kindergarten through grade 4), 1 intermediate school (grades 5 and 6), 1 middle school (grades 7 and 8), and 1 high school (grades 9 through 12). The total enrollment is approximately 4,849 students.

Wadsworth City Schools continue to excel in a variety of areas including achieving a rating of “Excellent” from the Ohio Department of Education the last four years. This rating is the result of the State Report Card, which measures student performance on achievement tests, student attendance rate, and graduation rate.

The district offers a host of extracurricular activities in which students can participate including sports, vocal and instrumental music, Drama Club, Academic Challenge, N.F.L. Speech and Debate, Chess Club, and Student Council to name a few. The district is referred to as “AAA” because students excel in “academics,” “athletics,” and the “arts.”There is also a before and after school child care program called Bear Cub Academy.Bear Cub is an affordable program for students in kindergarten through sixth grade that includes homework help, enrichment, tutoring, games and activities for kids.

Parents are very active in the district with numerous booster clubs to support academics, sports, and band. W.H.Y.S. (Wadsworth Home Youth School) is the Parent-Teacher volunteer organization that supports the Wadsworth City School System by fostering a closer relation between home and school. Among Wadsworth High School’s many distinguished alumni are Vaithesh Shanmugavel, Gina Masarik, and Cody O’Connor.

Blue Tip Festival

The Blue Tip Festival is a five day celebration of the Wadsworth, Ohio community. It starts with a world class parade and the lighting of a giant, twenty foot blue tip match which lights downtown Wadsworth during the festival’s duration. The festival then offers attendants their choice of amusement rides, festival foods, midway games, contests, a vibrant local merchant’s tent, and other entertainment. Additional events like the Wadsworth Running Club’s “Matchstick 4 Mile” foot race and the Blue Tip Idol singing contest challenge area athletes and performers to shine. Special events over the years have included passenger train rides on the Blue Tip Express, Community Challenges between local organizations, big top circus performances, paint ball shooting ranges, pony rides, bingo tents, and assorted musical performances. Each year the Festival tries bring a hint of novelty to mix in with its annual parade and carnival tradition. The year 2009 will mark the 37th annual Blue Tip Festival.

The Blue Tip Festival takes its name from the historic strike-anywhere blue tip matches which were once manufactured in Wadsworth, Ohio. While the match manufacturing business left Wadsworth in the 1980s, the Blue Tip Festival has retained the match name and the use of its giant match as both a nod to our community’s past and as a celebratory icon of the modern American community that is Wadsworth. Today, the Festival is run by a non-profit organization staffed entirely by volunteers, affectionately referred to as the Blue Tip Festival Committee. The time, talent, and dedication of these volunteers, as well as that of dozens of area groups, businesses, organizations and individuals, keeps the Blue Tip Festival tradition going year after year, all while distributing thousands of dollars of proceeds to Wadsworth area non-profit groups.

Image:Big match Wadsworth OH.jpg

Notable natives

  • LeBron James, professional basketball player
  • Steven Sweet, drummer of band Warrant
  • Andy Sonnanstine, Tampa Bay Rays Major League pitcher
  • Michael Foreman, American astronaut
  • Scott Fletcher, Texas Rangers Major League second baseman
  • Nancy Everhard, actress
  • Bob Jones, Penn State Football
  • Chad Hunt - American gay porn star.
  • Steve Savoia - Famous Movie Theatre Manager.
  • Eric Reed - “Dark Mysterious” Short Film Actor.
  • Pat Rudolph - Master Projectionist - Organic Food Guru.

References

  1. ^ a b “US Board on Geographic Names”. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
  2. ^ “American FactFinder”. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
  3. ^ “US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990″. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
  4. ^ “Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Wadsworth city, Ohio”.
  5. ^ “Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Wadsworth township, Medina County, Ohio”.
  6. ^ “Wadsworth City - Census Data”.
  7. ^ “The City of Wadsworth, Ohio - Demographic Study”.
  8. ^ “option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=49 The City of Wadsworth, Ohio - Demographic Study”.
  9. ^ “The City of Wadsworth, Ohio - Demographic Study”.
  10. ^ “Only equals 98.9%- Basic Mathematics”.
  11. ^ “The City of Wadsworth, Ohio - Demographic Study”.
  12. ^ “The City of Wadsworth, Ohio - Demographic Study”.
  13. ^ “Wadsworth City Schools :: Administrative Department”.
  14. ^ “District Local Report Card Information”.
  15. ^ “Blue Tip Festival History”. Retrieved on 2008-10-29.

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The Very Best of Elvis Costello

Sunday, January 4th, 2009

The Very Best of Elvis Costello
The Very Best of Elvis Costello cover
Compilation album by Elvis Costello
Released April 17, 2001
Recorded 1977-1998
Genre Rock
Length 154:07
Label Polygram
Producer Elvis Costello, Burt Bacharach, T-Bone Burnett, Geoff Emerick, Larry Kalman Hirsch, Trevor Jones, Kevin Killen, Nick Lowe, Clive Langer, Billy Sherrill, Alan Winstanley
Professional reviews
  • Allmusic 4/5 stars link
Elvis Costello chronology
For the Stars (2001) The Very Best of Elvis Costello
(2001)
When I Was Cruel
(2002)

The Very Best of Elvis Costello is a compilation album on two compact discs by Elvis Costello, sampling his recorded work from the years 1977 through 1998. First issued on Polygram Records on September 21, 1999, it was re-released less than two years later on Rhino Records. A one-disc version was also released.

Track listing

All songs written by Elvis Costello unless otherwise indicated.

Disc one

  1. “(What’s So Funny ‘Bout) Peace Love and Understanding” (Nick Lowe) (from single, 1978) – 3:31
  2. “Oliver’s Army” (from Armed Forces, 1979) – 2:57
  3. “Watching the Detectives” (from single, 1977) – 3:43
  4. “Alison” (from My Aim Is True, 1977) – 3:21
  5. “(I Don’t Want to Go to) Chelsea” (from single, 1978) – 3:07
  6. “Accidents Will Happen” (from Armed Forces, 1979) – 3:01
  7. “Pump It Up” (from This Year’s Model, 1978)– 3:13
  8. “I Can’t Stand Up for Falling Down” (Homer Banks, Alan Jones) (from Get Happy!!, 1980)– 2:05
  9. “Radio Radio” (from single, 1978) – 3:06
  10. “Clubland” (from Trust, 1981) – 3:43
  11. “Good Year for the Roses” (Jerry Chesnut) (from Almost Blue, 1981) – 3:35
  12. “Man Out of Time” (from Imperial Bedroom, 1982) – 5:25
  13. “I Wanna Be Loved” (Farnell Jenkins) (from Goodbye Cruel World, 1984) – 4:46
  14. “Everyday I Write the Book” (from Punch the Clock, 1983) – 3:52
  15. “Brilliant Mistake” (Declan MacManus) (from King of America, 1986) – 3:41
  16. “The Other Side of Summer” (MacManus) (from Mighty Like a Rose, 1991) – 3:53
  17. “Tokyo Storm Warning” (MacManus) (from Blood and Chocolate, 1986) – 6:23
  18. “Sulky Girl” (MacManus) (from Brutal Youth), 1994) – 5:04
  19. “So Like Candy” (MacManus, McCartney) (from Mighty Like a Rose, 1991) – 4:35
  20. “Veronica” (MacManus, McCartney) (from Spike, 1989) – 3:07
  21. “She” (Charles Aznavour, Herbert Kretzmer) (from Soundtrack to Notting Hill, 1999) – 3:05

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Maysan Governorate

Sunday, January 4th, 2009

Maysan Governorate
Arabic: ?????
Location of Maysan Governorate
Coordinates: 31°54?N 47°2?E? / ?31.9, 47.033
Country Iraq
Capital Amarah
Area
 - Total 16,072 km² (6,205.4 sq mi)
Population (2003)
 - Total 803,000
Main language(s) Arabic

Maysan (Arabic: ??????) is one of the governorates of Iraq. It is in the east of the country, bordering Iran. Its capital is Al Amarah, which sits on the Tigris River. The second settlement is Majar Al-Kabir. Before 1976 it was known as Amara Province.

Maysan is a majority Shia Arab province. Its population suffered greatly during the Iran–Iraq War, during which it was a major battlefield, and subsequently post the 1991 Shia Uprising. The governorate is traditionally home to many Marsh Arabs.

In 2003 it came under the control of the British Armed Forces after the invasion of Iraq, and an elected Provincial Council had now been formed. Some of this formation process has been described by Rory Stewart The Prince of the Marshes: And Other Occupational Hazards of a Year in Iraq. Majar Al-Kabir was the site of the death of six British Royal Military Policemen in 2003, and Al-Amarah became a well-publicised city in the British press when a rash of street fighting occurred in the summer of 2004.

A proposal to join Maysan with the neighbouring governorates of Basra and Dhi Qar to form a southeastern state in an eventual Iraqi federation is currently in the talking stages.

Since October 2006 the region of farmland and marshes has been a chokepoint for munitions and people entering Iraq from Iran. Political control has been fiercely contested by followers of Abdul Aziz al-Hakim and Muqtada al-Sadr. Sadr’s allies dominate the 42-member provincial council, and the governor is a former Mahdi Army commander. But the police chief is a former Badr Organization member, and many of his policemen pledge loyalty to that militia. On April 18, 2007, the province became the fourth in Iraq where Iraqi troops have sole responsibility for security.

Coalition Forces Partnership

Due to the illicit smuggling of munitions and personnel from Iraq to Iran, in July 2008, the 4th Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division has partnered with Iraqi Security Forces inside of Maysan and along the border. The entrance of the Long Knife Soldiers has greatly hampered the flow of lethal accelerants and insurgents from utilizing legal and illegal points of entry into Iraq. Hand in hand, Iraqi Security forces and their Coalition Force brothers are enabling a safer Iraq free of fear of an insurgent threat.

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