Uniq plc

Type	Public (LSE: UNIQ)
Founded	1959
Headquarters	Gerrards Cross, UK
Key people	Ross Warburton, Chairman Geoff Eaton, CEO
Industry	Foods
Revenue	£736.1 million (2007)
Operating income	£(3.6) million (2007)
Net income	£(41.7) million (2007)
Employees	6,559 (2007)
Website	www.uniq.com

Uniq plc (formerly Unigate plc) (LSE: UNIQ) is a British food manufacturer. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

History

The Company was formed in 1959 by the merger of United Dairies with Cow & Gate Limited forming Unigate. Its range included Cow & Gate baby foods (now part of Royal Numico), Farmer’s Wife cream, St Ivel cheese / spreads and more recently, Utterly Butterly. It also had an extensive milk home delivery network.

Cow & Gate Limited was earlier known as the West Surrey Central Dairy Company Ltd. Until June 1996, Unigate owned the Black-eyed Pea chain of restaurants in the USA. In July 1996, it bought Kraft Foods’ spreads division in the UK, including Vitalite.

By the late 1990’s, the decline in doorstep deliveries and fierce price pressure from supermarkets led to mounting losses and in 2000 the milk and cheese division was sold to Dairy Crest. The Company changed its name to Uniq in July 2000. In 2001, it demerged Wincanton, its logistics subsidiary, by way of an initial public offering. It sold its yoghurt business in 2002 to raise money to concentrate on the convenience foods market.

On the 5/03/2009 Uniq PLC, reached an agreement for the sale of its UK chilled fish business, Pinneys of Scotland, to The Seafood Company Ltd (part of the Foodvest group)

Operations

Dairy Crest took over the Unigate home delivery business, including its Wales & Edwards Rangemaster milk floats.

The company has sites in Spalding (Smedleys Salads prepared salads), Northampton, Evercreech (former St Ivel site), Minsterley in Shropshire (former site of Northern Foods until May 2004) and Paignton (produces all of Cadbury’s chilled desserts such as chocolate mousses). The Northampton site produces most of Marks & Spencers’ prepared sandwiches.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} “History & Business”. Wincanton Plc. http://www.wincantonplc.com/wincanton/history.jsp?tn=1&sn=1. Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 
2. ^ “Unigate of Britain sells US restaurant chain”. New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F06E6DA1F39F937A35755C0A960958260. Retrieved on 2009-01-03. 
3. ^ “Large acquisition”. Independent. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_/ai_n14064535. Retrieved on 2009-01-03. 
4. ^ “Unigate sells its milk operations to Dairy Crest for £220m”. Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/unigate-sells-its-milk-operations-to-dairy-crest-for-pound220m-725287.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-03. 
5. ^ “Unigate becomes Uniq”. Eurofood. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0DQA/is_/ai_74488762. Retrieved on 2009-01-03. 
6. ^ “Uniq sells Shape brand to Danone for £32m”. Independent. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_/ai_n12631372. Retrieved on 2009-01-03. 

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Robustification is a form of optimisation whereby a system is made less sensitive to the effects of random variability, or noise, that is present in that system’s input variables and parameters. The process is typically associated with engineering systems, but the process can also be applied to a political policy, a business strategy or any other system that is subject to the effects of random variability.

Clarification on definition

Robustification as it is defined here is sometimes referred to as parameter design and is often associated with Taguchi methods. Within that context, robustification can include the process of finding the inputs that contribute most to the random variability in the output and controlling them, or tolerance design. At times the terms design for quality or Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) might also be used as synonyms.

Principles

Robustification works by taking advantage of two different principles.

Non-linearities

Consider the graph below of a relationship between an input variable x and the output Y, for which it is desired that a value of 7 is taken, of a system of interest. It can be seen that there are two possible values that x can take, 5 and 30. If the tolerance for x is independent of the nominal value, then it can also be seen that when x is set equal to 30, the expected variation of Y is less than if x were set equal to 5. The reason is that the gradient at x = 30 is less than at x = 5, and the random variability in x is suppressed as it flows to Y.

This basic principle underlies all robustification, but in practice there are typically a number of inputs and it is the suitable point with the lowest gradient on a multi-dimensional surface that must be found.

Non-constant variability

Consider a case where an output Z is a function of two inputs x and y that are multiplied by each other.

Z = x y

For any target value of Z there is an infinite number of combinations for the nominal values of x and y that will be suitable. However, if the standard deviation of x was proportional to the nominal value and the standard deviation of y was constant, then x would be reduced (to limit the random variability that will flow from the right hand side of the equation to the left hand side) and y would be increased (with no expected increase random variability because the standard deviation is constant) to bring the value of Z to the target value. By doing this, Z would have the desired nominal value and it would be expected that its standard deviation would be at a minimum: robustified.

By taking advantage of the two principles covered above, one is able to optimise a system so that the nominal value of a systems output is kept at its desired level while also minimising the likelihood of any deviation from that nominal value. This is despite the presence of random variability within the input variables.

Methods

There are three distinct methods of robustification, but a practitioner might use a mix that provides the best in results, resources and time.

Experimental

The experimental approach is probably the most widely known. It involves the identification of those variables that can be adjusted and those variables that are treated as noises. An experiment is then designed to investigate how changes to the nominal value of the adjustable variables can limit the transfer of noise from the noise variables to the output. This approach is attributed to Taguchi and is often associated with Taguchi methods. While many have found the approach to provide impressive results, the techniques have also been criticised for being statistically erroneous and inefficient. Also, the time and effort required can be significant.

Another experimental method that was used for robustification is the Operating Window. It was developed in the United States before the wave of quality methods from Japan came to the West, but still remains unknown to many. In this approach, the noise of the inputs is continually increased as the system is modified to reduce sensitivity to that noise. This increases robustness, but also provides a clearer measure of the variability that is flowing through the system. After optimisation, the random variability of the inputs is controlled and reduced, and the system exhibits improved quality.

Analytical

The analytical approach relies initially on the development of an analytical model of the system of interest. The expected variability of the output is then found by using a method like the propagation of error or functions of random variables. These typically produce an algebraic expression that can be analysed for optimisation and robustification. This approach is only as accurate as the model developed and it can be very difficult if not impossible for complex systems.

The analytical approach might also be used in conjunction with some kind of surrogate model that is based on the results of experiments or numerical simulations of the system.

Numerical

In the numerical approach a model is run a number of times as part of a Monte Carlo simulation or a numerical propagation of errors to predict the variability of the outputs. Numerical optimisation methods such as hill climbing or evolutionary algorithms are then used to find the optimum nominal values for the inputs. This approach typically requires less human time and effort than the other two, but it can be very demanding on computational resources during simulation and optimisation.

See also

• Sensitivity analysis

Footnotes

1. ^ See Clausing (2004) reference for more details
2. ^ See the ‘Probabilistic Design’ link in the external links for more information.

References

• Clausing (1994) Total Quality Development: A Step-By-Step Guide to World-Class Concurrent Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ISBN 0791800350
• Clausing, D. (2004) Operating Window: An Engineering Measure for Robustness Technometrics. Vol. 46 pp. 25–31.
• Siddall (1982) Optimal Engineering Design. CRC. ISBN 0824716337

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The Chinese Eastern Railway or (CER; simplified Chinese: ????) (also known as the Chinese Far East Railway) was a railway in northeastern China (Manchuria). It connected Chita and the Russian Far East. English-speakers have sometimes referred to this line as the Manchurian Railway. Russians know it as «?????????-?????????? ????????? ???????», or ???? (Kitaysko-Vostochnaya Zheleznaya Doroga, KVZhD).

The southern branch of the CER, known in the West as the South Manchuria Railway, became the locus and partial casus belli for the Russo-Japanese War and the Second Sino-Japanese War (including incidents leading up to the latter from 1927).

The administration of the CER and the Chinese Eastern Railway Zone was based in Harbin.

History of the line

The Trans-Siberian Railway line around Manchuria in red; the Chinese Far East Railway, which runs across Manchuria, not shown. (The Soviet Baikal Amur Mainline in green.)

The Chinese Eastern Railway was a single tracked line providing a shortcut for the famous world’s longest railroad, the Trans-Siberian Railway from near the Siberian city of Chita via Harbin across northern inner Manchuria to the Russian port of Vladivostok. This route drastically reduced the travel distance required along the originally proposed main northern route to Vladivostok (this originally proposed route lies completely on Russian soil, but was completed a decade over the Manchurian “shortcut”).

A construction concession was granted by China in 1896 through northern Inner Manchuria, running from near Chita via Harbin to Vladivostok, and construction was drastically accelerated after Russia concluded a twenty-five year lease of Liaodong from China.

Construction of the CER started in July 1897 along the line Tarskaya (east of Chita) - Hailar - Harbin - Nikolsk-Ussuriski. Officially, traffic on the line started in November 1901, but regular passenger traffic from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok across the Trans-Siberian railway started in July 1903.

At this same time in 1898, a 550 mile (880 km) spur line, most which later formed the South Manchuria Railway, was started from Harbin down through eastern Manchuria, along the Liaodong Peninsula, to the ice-free deep water port at Lüshun, a town almost at the tip of the peninsula, which Russia was fortifying and overhauling into a first class strategic naval base and marine coaling station for their Far Seas Fleet and Merchant Marine. This town was known in the west as Port Arthur, and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) was essentially fought over who would possess this region and its excellent harbor, as well as whether it would remain open to traders of all nations (Open Door Policy).

The Chinese Eastern Railway was essentially completed in 1902, beating the stretch around Lake Baikal, by fourteen years. Until that portion was completed, cargo on the Trans-Siberian Railway had to be transshipped by ferry the 632 miles (1011 km) along the lake’s length.

The Chinese Eastern Railway was important in international relations. After the first Sino-Japanese War, Russia gained the right to build the Chinese Eastern Railway in Manchuria. They had a large army and occupied Northern Manchuria, which concerned the Japanese. Russia pressed China for a “monopoly of rights” in Manchuria, but China reacted to this by an alliance with Japan and the United States against Russia.

During the Russo-Japanese War, Russia lost both Liaodong Peninsula and much of the South Manchurian branch to Japan. The rail line from Changchun to Lüshun transferred to the Japanese control now became the South Manchuria Railway.

During 1917-1924 (Russian Civil War) the Russian part of the CER came under the administration of the White Army.

After 1924, the USSR and China administered the Northern CER jointly, while Japan maintained control of the southern spurline.

The Sino-Soviet conflict of 1929 was fought over the administration of the Northern CER.

In 1935, the USSR had to sell all its rights in the CER to the Manzhouguo government.

From August 1945, the CER again came under the joint control of the USSR and China. Somewhat reversing their stinging losses in 1904-1905, after World War II the Soviet Government insisted on occupying the Liaodong Peninsula but allowed joint control over the Southern branch with China; all this together received the name of the “Chinese Changchun Railway” (Russian: ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????). 

In 1952, the Soviet Union transferred (free of charge) all its rights to the Chinese Changchun Railway to the People’s Republic of China.

See also

• Chinese Eastern Railway Zone
• Harbin Russians
• Russian gauge

References

1. ^ Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, 1st edition.

• Sören Urbansky. Kolonialer Wettstreit: Russland, China, Japan und die Ostchinesische Eisenbahn 2008, Campus Publishers, Frankfurt/New York, 250 pp.
• Mara Moustafine. Secrets and Spies: The Harbin Files. A Vintage Book series, Random House, Australia Pty Ltd, 468 pp.
• F.R. Sedwick, (R.F.A.), The Russo-Japanese War, 1909, The Macmillan Company, N.Y., 192 pp.
• Colliers (Ed.), The Russo-Japanese War, 1904, P.F. Collier & Son, New York, 128 pp.

Weight Loss Programs As

Podyjí
National Park
Thaya River valley from the Hardegg viewpoint
Country	Czech Republic
Region	South Moravian
Highest point
- elevation	536 m (1,759 ft)
Lowest point
- elevation	207 m (679 ft)
Length	15 km (9 mi), NW-SE
Width	8 km (5 mi), NE-SW
Area	63 km² (24 sq mi)
- buffer zone	29 km² (11 sq mi)
Biome	forest (84%)
Founded	1991-07-01
- CHKO	1978
Management	Správa NP Podyjí
- location	Znojmo
Location of the Podyjí National Park in the Czech Republic and the adjacent Thayatal National Park in Austria
Website: www.nppodyji.cz

Podyjí National Park (Czech: Národní park Podyjí) is a national park in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It protects primeval forests along the deep Dyje River valley. It is a biom whose well-preserved state is unique in Central Europe. It connects to a smaller Thayatal National Park in Austria.

w210 black grille

Butia purpurascens
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN 2.3)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Monocots (unranked): Commelinids Order: Arecales Family: Arecaceae Genus: Butia Species: B. purpurascens
Binomial name
Butia purpurascens Glassman

Butia purpurascens is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family. It is found only in Brazil. It is threatened by habitat loss.

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crusader

This video game-related article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia’s quality standards or the Video Games project’s guidelines. Video game-related articles should adhere to the Manual of Style and should not contain unverifiable information, nor should they have gameplay instructions or excessive details. (July 2008 )

World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade
Developer(s)	Blizzard Entertainment
Publisher(s)	Blizzard Entertainment
Designer(s)	Rob Pardo, Jeff Kaplan, Tom Chilton
Series	Warcraft
Platform(s)	Mac OS X, Windows
Release date(s)	EU / NA January 16, 2007 AUS January 17, 2007
Genre(s)	Fantasy/Science Fiction MMORPG
Mode(s)	Online
Rating(s)	ESRB: T (Teen) OFLC: E (Exempt) PEGI: 12+
Media	4 CDs, 1 DVD, download
System requirements	Windows Windows 2000, Windows Vista or Windows XP Intel Pentium III or AMD Athlon 800 MHz 512 MB or more of RAM 32 MB 3D video card with Hardware T&L or better 10.0 GB free HD space 4× CD-ROM drive Broadband internet access Macintosh Mac OS X 10.3.9 or newer 933 MHz or higher G4, or G5, or Intel processor 512 MB RAM or higher ATI or NVIDIA video card with 32 MB Video RAM or more 6.0 GB free HD space 4× CD-ROM drive Broadband internet access
Input methods	Keyboard, mouse

World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade is the first expansion pack for the MMORPG World of Warcraft. It was released on January 16, 2007 at midnight (0:00 AM) in Europe and North America, and sold nearly 2.4 million copies that day, making it the fastest-selling PC game in those regions. It was released on January 17, 2007 in Australia and New Zealand; in total, approximately 3.53 million copies were sold across these territories in the first month of release, including 1.9 million in North America, over 100,000 copies in Australasia, and nearly 1.6 million in Europe. It was also released in Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia on January 16, 2007. It was later released in South Korea on February 1, 2007; in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau on April 30, 2007. The game was released in China on September 6, 2007.

Gameplay

Main article: Gameplay of World of Warcraft

Two new playable races were added to World of Warcraft in The Burning Crusade: The Draenei for the Alliance and the Blood Elves for the Horde. Previously, the Paladin class was exclusive to the Alliance faction, and the Shaman class was exclusive to the Horde faction; these new races allowed Alliance players to play Shaman as Draenei, and allowed Horde players to play Paladins as Blood Elves.

Player vs. Player

A new battleground, Eye of the Storm, was introduced with two brackets: one for characters between levels 61-69, and another for level 70 characters. Although this battleground was designed for level 70 characters, players are unable to summon flying mounts in this battleground. The Eye of the Storm battleground is only available to those with the expansion.

In addition, a new PvP Arena System was introduced as a way for players to fight in 2 vs 2, 3 vs 3, or 5 vs 5 “Arena” battles. While the arena system allows players without The Burning Crusade expansion to partake in skirmish matches, those without the expansion are unable to participate in rated matches, which yield rewards based on a point system. Ladder matches were only accessible by players who have reached level 70. Three arena stages were introduced in The Burning Crusade expansion, including The Ruins of Lordaeron in the Undercity, The Circle of Blood in Blades Edge Mountains, and the Ring of Trials in Nagrand. Arena matches have taken a more prominent role in World of Warcraft’s PvP content, and have developed into an electronic sport. One example of Arena matches as an electronic sport is the World Series of Video Games in 2007, where player teams competed in 3 vs 3 matches to earn cash prizes. Blizzard also holds its own seasonal tournament, the World of Warcraft Arena Tournament, which pitches teams from servers all around the world against each other. This tournament concludes with a 5v5 world final event, the first of which took place at Blizzcon ’07 and so ended season 1.

Additional “outdoor” PvP objectives were implemented, which are different for each zone in which they are located. Most of these outdoor PvP objectives involve “capturing” key points to reward players of the same faction in the area, usually with a temporary buff that adds a damage boost to player attacks or increases the rate players gain experience or faction points while the players are in the zone. For example, Terokkar Forest’s PvP contest involves players standing near towers in order to capture them while defending the towers in PvP combat with players of the opposite faction that try to capture the objective. Other examples include Halaa in Nagrand and Thrallmar in Hellfire Peninsula, where players compete for access to quest and vendor access or gain factional reputation for rewards.

Development

Distribution errors

Blizzard made a number of errors during the distribution of World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade in Europe. One such error is the failure to register the Collector’s Edition for in-game rewards. As such, players who purchased the Collector’s Edition of the game would have to send numerous proofs of purchase to Blizzard by postal mail in order to redeem their in-game awards.

Only 1600 copies were delivered to Romania, which has more than 10,000 World of Warcraft subscribers.

Reception

Reception
Aggregate scores Aggregator Score GameRankings 91% (based on 46 reviews) Metacritic 91 out of 100 (based on 47 reviews)
Review scores Publication Score 1UP.com A+ ActionTrip 9.2 out of 10 Eurogamer 8 out of 10 (1st review) 10 out of 10 (2nd review) GameSpot 9.2 out of 10 GameSpy IGN 8.8 out of 10

The Burning Crusade received almost universal praise from critics upon release.

The specially designed new starter areas met a mixed reception from critics. On the one hand, they were felt to give a strong new perspective to existing players or a solid introduction to the game to new players. The arrangement of quests and content in these areas was felt to be more finely tuned than for existing races, with players unlikely to face grinding in order to progress and an interesting back story being gradually revealed. It was felt that Blizzard had learned from the release of the original game, with the new content being varied without becoming overwhelming to new players, and new concepts being gradually introduced. On the other hand, reviewers felt that the new starter areas were poorly integrated with the existing world, leaving them feeling “tacked on.” They were also disappointed that the new areas had a definite finish, beyond which a player would have to switch back to older content in order to progress their character. This progression didn’t feel as smooth to reviewers when compared to the movement between zones for new characters from the older starting areas. The experience was also felt to be short-lived, with players being able to progress through these new areas with a couple of days’ play without any new introductory dungeons to explore. It was also felt that these changes didn’t address existing problems, such as the travel time between quest locations.

Like in the original, the scenery of The Burning Crusade was highly praised, being described as “occasionally breathtaking,” The introductory video to the expansion was described as “hugely impressive.” It was generally felt that the new Outland areas were some of the best in the game, with the size of the new areas introduced being similar to the total size of other existing games in the genre. The new starting areas were also liked, with reviewers appreciating the attention to detail in these zones. Building architecture, scenery and creatures were all singled out for mention, despite some disappointment that buildings and creatures from the original game had been “rubber stamped” into these new locations. The uniqueness of each zone, from scorched plateaus to lush forests were praised, each area being described as having its own unique feel. The various small features, such as mechanical settlements or abandoned temples were also well liked. Players were advised that they would spend a large amount of time “just staring at the scenery” in these new locations. That said, it was felt that the game was starting to show its age, with careful use of texture and lighting techniques disguising a basic underlying geometry. This was thought to follow on from the strategy in the original game, where strong art direction and careful choice of colour helped to compensate for a simpler game engine, describing it as a “testament of art over technology.”

The orchestral music was well received, being described as providing a “constantly changing backdrop.” The new score was felt to mesh well with the original, while still providing occasional “fresh twists.” The soundtracks to each of the two new starting areas were particularly praised. Reviewers were generally positive about the voice acting in the game.

World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade was the best-selling PC game of 2007 in North America and Europe, and it is also the second fastest-selling PC game of all time(behind Wrath of The Lich King), selling nearly 2.4 million copies in its first 24 hours and approximately 3.5 million in its first month.

A second expansion, World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King, was released on November 13, 2008.

References

1. ^ “The Activision/Blizzard Merger: Five Key Points”. Industry News. gamasutra.com. December 3, 2007. http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=16458. Retrieved on 2009-02-24. 
   One of the intriguing things about the old Vivendi structure was that, even when Martin Tremblay joined to run Vivendi’s publishing, it was specified: “World Of Warcraft creator Blizzard Entertainment has been designated a stand-alone division reporting to VU Games’ CEO, and is not part of Tremblay’s product development mandate.”
2. ^ ^{a b c d e} World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade shatters day-1 sales record. Blizzard Entertainment. January 23, 2007. Retrieved January 23, 2007.
3. ^ World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade -> Collector’s Edition
4. ^ “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade FAQ”. Blizzard Entertainment. http://www.worldofwarcraft.com/burningcrusade/faq.html#sys. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
5. ^ World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade continues record-breaking sales pace. Blizzard Entertainment. March 7, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2007.
6. ^ World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade will be available by April 3, 2007 in Taiwan. ETtoday. March 9, 2007.
7. ^ World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade will be released on April 3. World of Warcraft Taiwan Site. March 19, 2007.
8. ^ “Eye of the Storm”. Blizzard Entertainment. 2006-11-13. http://www.worldofwarcraft.com/pvp/battlegrounds/eyeofthestorm/index.xml. Retrieved on 2007-01-18. 
9. ^ “Arena”. Blizzard Entertainment. 2006-12-04. http://www.worldofwarcraft.com/pvp/arena/index.xml. Retrieved on 2007-01-18. 
10. ^ “WSVG”. Blizzard Entertainment. 2007-06-04. http://www.thewsvg.com/games/world-of-warcraft/. Retrieved on 2007-09-09. 
11. ^ “Arena Tournament”. Blizzard Entertainment. 2007-02-16. http://www.wowarmory.com/arena-tournament.xml. Retrieved on 2007-09-09. 
12. ^ “Season 1 Finals Bracket”. Blizzard Entertainment. 2007-08-04. http://www.blizzard.com/blizzcon07/bracket-wow.shtml. Retrieved on 2007-09-09. 
13. ^ “World PvP in Outland”. Blizzard Entertainment. 2007-01-20. http://www.worldofwarcraft.com/pvp/worldpvp/index.xml. Retrieved on 2007-01-27. 
14. ^ “Thundgot” (2007-01-16). “How to activate the Netherwhelp”. Blizzard Entertainment. http://forums.wow-europe.com/thread.html?topicId=116332301. 
15. ^ Romania, imuna la TBC » ComputerGames.ro - jocuri, download, forum
16. ^ ^{a b} “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade (pc: 2007): Reviews”. Metacritic. http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/pc/worldofwarcrafttheburningcrusade. Retrieved on 2008-03-24. 
17. ^ “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade Reviews”. Game Rankings. http://www.gamerankings.com/htmlpages2/928901.asp. Retrieved on 2008-07-20. 
18. ^ ^{a b c d e} Sean Molloy (2007-02-01). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade(PC)”. 1UP. http://www.1up.com/do/reviewPage?cId=3156890&sec=REVIEWS. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
19. ^ ^{a b c} Uros Jojic (2007-02-07). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade review”. ActionTrip. http://www.actiontrip.com/reviews/worldofwarcrafttheburningcrusade.phtml. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
20. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Rob Fahey (2007-01-24). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade”. EuroGamer. http://www.eurogamer.net/article.php?article_id=72120. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
21. ^ Rob Fahey (2007-04-24). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade”. EuroGamer. http://www.eurogamer.net/article.php?article_id=75625. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
22. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Justin Calvert (2007-02-06). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade”. GameSpot. http://www.gamespot.com/pc/rpg/worldofwarcraftexp1/review.html?om_act=convert&om_clk=tabs&tag=tabs;reviews. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
23. ^ ^{a b c d e} Sal Accardo (2007-01-26). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade(PC)”. GameSpy. http://uk.pc.gamespy.com/pc/world-of-warcraft-expansion/759091p1.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
24. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Steve Butts (2007-01-30). “World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade Review”. IGN. http://uk.pc.ign.com/articles/759/759779p1.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-30. 
25. ^ Leigh Alexander (2008-01-22). “World Of Warcraft Hits 10 Million Subscribers”. Gamasutra. http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=17062. Retrieved on 2008-01-22. 
26. ^ Rausch, Allen (2007-08-03). “World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King + (PC)”. GameSpy. http://pc.gamespy.com/pc/world-of-warcraft-wrath-of-the-lich-king/810373p1.html. Retrieved on 2007-08-03. 

baritone

franz

Rügenbrücke

  (Redirected from Rügendamm)
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Rügenbrücke
New Rügenbrücke and the old drawbridge
Official name	2. Strelasundquerung
Carries	Bundesstraße 96 E22
Crosses	Strelasund
Locale	Stralsund and Rügen Island, Germany
Designer	André Keipke
Design	continuous pre-stressed concrete cable-stayed bridge
Material	Steel, concrete
Piers in water	19
Longest span	198 metres (650 ft)
Total length	2,831 metres (9,290 ft)
Width	3 traffic lanes
Height	126 metres (410 ft)
Clearance below	42 metres (140 ft)
AADT	23,000
Beginning date of construction	August 31, 2004
Completion date	October 20, 2007
Opening date	October 22, 2007
Toll	None
Coordinates	54°18?45?N 13°06?51?E? / ?54.3125°N 13.11417°E? / 54.3125; 13.11417

Rügenbrücke is a pre-stressed concrete cable-stayed bridge that spans the Strelasund between the German City of Stralsund and Rügen Island,Germany. The bridge was built to replace the aging Rügendamm, which will remain in service to provide a rail link and serve local traffic to Dänholm island.

Rügendamm is the name of the original road connecting Rügen Island with the City of Stralsund on the mainland of the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The road was built in the 1930s and opened in October 1936. The Rügendamm consists of two parts:

• Strelasundbrücke is a 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) long bridge and causeway spanning the Strelasund; its length is 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) and
• Ziegelgrabenbrücke, a bascule bridge over the Ziegelgraben. This bridge opens several times a day to allow for the passage of large ships. Prior to the construction of the new Rügenbrücke, the drawbridge bridge was a source of major traffic congestion.

The Rügendamm provides the only road and rail access to Dänholm island.

In 2004, construction of a new bridge commenced, called the 2. Strelasundquerung. German Chancellor Angela Merkel opened the new bridge on October 20, 2007. The name of this new bridge is Rügenbrücke (Rügen bridge). The connection has a length of 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi), the new bridge is 2,831 metres (9,290 ft) long and the center pylon is 128 metres (420 ft) tall. The new bridge crosses but does not provide access to Dänholm island.

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Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BCgenbr%C3%BCcke”
Categories: Stralsund | Road-rail bridges | Bridges in Germany | Buildings and structures in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | Cable-stayed bridges | Bridges completed in 1936 | Bridges completed in 2007 | German building and structure stubs | Bridge (structure) stubs

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“Undead Son” is the only single release from Tarot’s sixth studio album Suffer Our Pleasures.

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Look up baba in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Baba may refer to:

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Degerfors

Full name	Degerfors Idrottsförening
Founded	1907
Ground	Stora Valla, Degerfors (Capacity: 15,000)
Chairman	Lars-Erik Dalin
Manager	Patrik Werner
League	Division 1
2008	Superettan, 16th (relegated)
Home colours Away colours

Degerfors IF is a Swedish football club located in Degerfors. The club, formed 13 January 1907, is currently playing in the third highest Swedish league, Division 1.

Notable players

• Andreas Andersson
• Jan Aronsson
• Leif Aronsson
• Ralf Edström
• Sven-Göran Eriksson
• Tord Grip
• Shpetim Hasani
• Olof Mellberg
• Daniel Mendes
• Bertil Nordahl
• Gunnar Nordahl
• Thomas Nordahl
• Ulf Ottosson
• Emil Johansson
• Lars Heinermann
• Marino Ramberg
• Milenko Vukcevic
• Dusco Radinovic
• Ola Toivonen
• Mano Garcia

Notable managers

• Sven-Göran Eriksson
• Tord Grip
• Sören Cratz
• Tony Gustavsson

Achievements

• Allsvenskan:
  • Runners-up (2): 1940–41, 1963
• Svenska Cupen:
  • Winners (1): 1992–93

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