ogsproject.org

Dirty Pair Flash
?????? Flash (D?ti Pea Flash)
Genre	Adventure, Comedy, Police, Science Fiction
OVA: Dirty Pair Flash: Mission I
Director	Takahito Kimura
Studio	Sunrise Bandai Visual
Licensor	VAP Studio NUE ADV Films
Episodes	6
Released	February 1, 1994 – July 1, 1994
OVA: Dirty Pair Flash: Mission II
Director	Takahiro Kimura
Studio	Sunrise
Licensor	VAP Studio NUE ADV Films
Episodes	5
Released	June 1, 1995 – October 1, 1995
OVA: Dirty Pair Flash: Mission III
Director	Takahito Kimura
Studio	Sunrise
Licensor	VAP Studio NUE ADV Films
Episodes	5
Released	December 21, 1995 – April 25, 1996
Manga
Author	Hisato Makihara
Publisher	Dengeki Comics
Original run	July 1995 – January 1996
Volumes	1
Manga: Dirty Pair Flash DX
Author	Takemaru ?no
Publisher	Dengeki Comics
Original run	March 1996 – July 1996
Volumes	1
Anime and Manga Portal

Dirty Pair Flash (?????? Flash, D?ti Pea Flash^?) is a humorous science fiction anime and manga franchise based on the light novel series by Haruka Takachiho.

Although it is often said that these are younger versions of the original Lovely Angels Kei and Yuri, in truth this series is an alternate universe telling of Dirty Pair, set in the years 2248-49. When Sunrise originally began the project, their idea was to make sequel to the original Dirty Pair series, but Kyoko Miyagi, the original voice actress for Kei, had long retired and moved to North America, and Saeko Shimazu, the voice of Yuri, refused to work with anyone but her original partner, forcing the project to be a remake of the original series instead.

Plot summary

Kei and Yuri were originally junior auxiliary agents in the Worlds Works and Welfare Agency (W.W.W.A. or 3WA for short) when the two were paired together under the codename “Lovely Angels.” Kei was coming off her fourth probation for something she had done, and Yuri’s dating exploits were common knowledge, not to mention the two had an instant dislike for each other when they met.

Kei and Yuri were not the first to receive the codename Lovely Angels. Years before, during the Gamorian Riots, two other women, Iris and Molly, had been given the designation Lovely Angels. Molly was killed in action, and her partner Iris, who had lost her right arm trying to save Molly, became bitter about the lack of response from the 3WA and vanished, later becoming the notorious assassin known as “Lady Flair.”

At first, Kei and Yuri refused to work with each other, and Kei even resigned from the 3WA. However, when the “Siren” crisis erupted, Kei returned. This was decidedly a good thing, as Yuri’s ditsy new partner, Lily, had abruptly quit just as the response to the crisis started, and Kei’s return came just in time, as Yuri was about to be killed by Waldess.

Afterwards, the two continued to work together, although they earned their nickname, “the Dirty Pair” because of all the collateral damage the two (unintentionally) cause in the completion of their cases. And even though the two now get along with one another, they continue to bicker and complain to each other.

In addition to the sixteen anime episodes, there have been three novels (1994, 1997, 1999) and four “Stereo Dramas” (one in 1994, the others in 1996) written by Takachiho, as well as two sanctioned manga series (1995-96) published by Dengeki Comics.

Major characters

Kei

Yuri

Minor characters

Chief Garner

Chief Poporo

Lady Flair

Touma

Calbee

Leena

Gazelle

Monica De Noir

Julian

Lily

Mughi

Rosa

Trivia

Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (February 2008)

If one looks closely at Molly and Iris during the flashbacks in Episodes 3 and 6 of the first OVA, it can be seen that they closely resemble the character designs of the Lovely Angels from the 1980s. (The design is a blend of their designs from the 1985 TV series and the later productions of 1987-90.)

Weight Loss Support Group

aeropostale

Vanderhoof (District) Water Aerodrome, (TC LID: CAN9), is located adjacent to Vanderhoof, British Columbia, Canada.

See also

• Vanderhoof Airport

color great

garage door

Undi
Undi Location of Undi in Andhra Pradesh and India
Country	India
State	Andhra Pradesh
District(s)	West Godavari
Subdistrict	Undi
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Area • Elevation	• 2 m (7 ft)
Codes • Pincode • 534199

Coordinates: 16°36?00?N 81°28?00?E? / ?16.6000°N 81.4667°E? / 16.6000; 81.4667 Undi is a village and a mandal in West Godavari district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.

Geography

Undi is located at 16°36?00?N 81°28?00?E? / ?16.6000°N 81.4667°E? / 16.6000; 81.4667. It has an average elevation of 2 meters (9 feet). pamulaparru is located near undi, and the distance between them is 4km.NRP AGRAHARAM all so very close to the undi which is famous for Lord shiva temple. It is a constitution and with 25 villages.

Panchayats

The following is the list of village panchayats in Undi mandal. NRP Agraharam, Velivarru, Mahadeva Patnam, kolamuru,

dlp projector

capri

Ali Pasha, nicknamed Müezzinzade (”son of the muezzin”, died 7 October, 1571), was an Ottoman official and general and finally grand admiral (”Kaptan-? Derya”) of the Ottoman Mediterranean fleet from 1569 to 1571, succeeding Piyale Pasha.

Background

He was the son of a Dedeler and had himself issued the call to prayer from his father’s mosque which overlooked the sultan’s seraglio. He was a favorite of Sultan Selim II and of the women of the seraglio who had greatly admired his voice, and, like Piyale Pasha, he had married one of Selim’s daughters.

Ottoman Conquest of Cyprus

Ali Pasha, with a fleet eventually numbering 188 galleys, fustas, transports and other ships, carried the main land force, commanded by Lala Mustafa Pasha, for the Ottoman invasion and conquest of Cyprus from Istanbul on 16 May 1570 to Cyprus, where they landed on 3 July. While Lala Mustafa commanded the eventual capture of the island from Venice, Ali Pasha took the bulk of his fleet to Crete and then to Morea, thereby effectively preventing any Christian relief fleet from coming to the aid of the besieged defenders of Cyprus.

Battle of Lepanto

Ali Pasha was commander-in-chief of the Ottoman naval forces at the Battle of Lepanto on 7 October 1571. Selim had entrusted him with one of the most precious possessions of the Ottoman Sultans, the great “Banner of the Caliphs”, a huge green banner heavily embroidered with texts from the Qur’an and with the name of Allah emblazoned upon it 28,900 times in golden letters. It was intended to provide an incentive for him and his men to do their best in battle.

Still quite young, like his counterpart Don Juan de Austria, he was more of a land soldier than a naval tactician, and his failure to keep his lines together and keep his individual squadrons from charging like cavalry units in a land battle allowed the Christian forces to penetrate his battle line in various places and to surround and defeat the thus isolated ships. He was also somewhat of a firebrand and almost immediately sought the direct confrontation with his opposite number. His flagship, the galley “Sultana”, battled head-to-head with Don Juan’s flagship “La Real” and was boarded and, after about one hour of bloody fighting, with reinforcements being provided to both sides by other galleys in their respective fleets, was captured. Ali Pasha was shot in the head by a musket ball, fell to the deck and was beheaded by a zealous Spanish soldier. His head was then displayed upon a pike. This, and the capture of the Banner of the Caliphs by the “Real”, led to a collapse in Turkish morale, greatly contributing to their rout in the battle.

best buy

mcafee

Branches of Government

Legislative

City Council

The City of Greenville is served by the City Council. The council meets weekly at 206 S. Main Street / 9th Floor to discuss and vote on matters of the city. Biweekly, the council invites citizens to come forward and make petitions. Committees chaired by one of the City Council members meet regularly each month to deal with specific issues, like a mini-City Council. The six City Council members are each elected from four one member districts with two at-large representatives. Despite the time they put into the city, they are part-time. The mayor serves as the council chairperson.

List of Council Members as of June 2005:

• Mayor : Knox White
• Mayor Pro Tempore : Lillian Brock Flemming, District 2 Representative
• Vice Mayor Pro Tempore and Chairman, Public Works Committee : C. Diane Smock, At-Large Representative
• Chairman, Economic Development Committee : Michelle R. Shain, At-Large Representative
• Chairman, Public Safety Committee : Debra M. Sofield, District 1 Representative
• Chairman, Quality of Life/Environment Committee : Chandra E. Dillard, District 3 Representative
• Chairman, Finance/Administration Committee : Garry W. Coulter, District 4 Representative

City Clerk’s Office

Assists the City Council .

• City Clerk: Cheryle R. Ratliff
• Deputy City Clerk: Meg Benko
• Secretary to Council: Claudette Miller

Executive

Having adopted the Council-Manager form of municipal government in 1976, the City Manager of Greenville holds most of the executive power, making the Mayor a mostly ceremonial role. The current city manager is James M. Bourey. He is in charge of all the day-to-day running of the city, governing of the applicable city departments, drafting the budget, and many other important tasks. The city manager is appointed at the convenience of the City Council.

The structure of the city’s Departments and Divisions :

• City Attorney’s Office (does not answer to City Manager)

• City Council
  • Council Members
  • City Clerk’s Office

• City Manager’s Office

• Economic and Community Development Department
  • Building and Zoning
  • Economic Development Division
  • Community Development Division

• Fire Department
  • Prevention
  • Services
  • Suppression

• Human Resource Department
  • Employee Health Center

• Mayor’s Office

• Municipal Court (does not answer to City Manager)

• Office of Management and Budget
  • Administration Division
  • Accounting Division
  • Business Licenses
  • Internal Audit
  • Geographic Information System (GIS) Division
  • Management Information Systems (MIS) Division
  • Purchasing Division

• Parks and Recreation Department
  • Youth Programming Bureau
  • Beautification Bureau
  • Community Centers Bureau
  • Parks Maintenance Bureau
  • Pools Bureau
  • Special Events Bureau
  • Tree Maintenance Bureau
  • Zoo Bureau

• Police Department
  • Administrative Services
  • Investigations
  • Patrol Services
  • Community Services Bureau
  • Traffic Enforcement Bureau
  • Professional Standards
  • Support Services
  • Dispatch Bureau

• Public Information

• Public Works
  • Building Services Division
  • Engineering Division
  • Stormwater Management Bureau
  • Fleet Services Division
  • Solid Waste Division
  • Streets and Sewers Division
  • Traffic Engineering Division
  • Parking Bureau

Judicial

Under the Greenville City Charter, the Municipal Judge is appointed by the City Council to hear cases concerning city ordinances . The City Council also appoints an Administrative Judge to carry out subpoenas, search warrants, and arrests; and Assistant Judges to carry out the job of Municipal Judge when (s)he cannot appear.

• Current Municipal Judge: Matthew R. Hawley, Jr.

jay jay

William J. Mann is an American novelist, biographer, and Hollywood historian best known for his biography of Katharine Hepburn, Kate: The Woman Who Was Hepburn (2006). Kate was declared the “definitive” work about Hepburn by The Sunday Times and was named one of the 100 Notable Books of 2006 by The New York Times.

Mann was born in Connecticut and, after working briefly as a Capitol Hill aide, received his Master’s degree at Wesleyan University. He worked as a journalist at Metroline magazine, New England’s oldest GLBT publication, from 1992 to 1995. Mann published his first novel, The Men From the Boys, in 1997, and continued with a series of books featuring the same characters, including 2003’s Where the Boys Are and 2007’s Men Who Love Men. In addition, Mann has written the widely praised Wisecracker, a biography of film star William Haines, for which he won the Lambda Literary Award; Edge of Midnight: The Life of John Schlesinger; and Behind the Scenes: How Gays and Lesbians Shaped Hollywood.

Mann’s next biography, How to Be a Movie Star: Elizabeth Taylor in Hollywood, will be published by Houghton Mifflin on October 1, 2009. His next novel, Object of Desire, is also slated for a 2009 release.

Mann is openly gay, and lives in Palm Springs, California, and Provincetown, Massachusetts, with his partner, Dr. Timothy Huber.

Quotations

“Allowing for the possibility that people have always been multi-faceted human beings with limitless opportunity for experience and identity is the most responsible course for a biographer or historian.”

Bibliography

Fiction

• The Men From the Boys (1997)
• The Biograph Girl (2000)
• Where the Boys Are (2003)
• All American Boy (2005)
• Men Who Love Men (2007)
• Object of Desire (forthcoming, 2009)

Non-fiction

• Wisecracker: The Life and Times of William Haines (1998)
• Behind the Screen: How Gays and Lesbians Shaped Hollywood (2001)
• Edge of Midnight: The Life of John Schlesinger (2005)
• Kate: The Woman Who Was Hepburn (2006)
• How to Be a Movie Star: Elizabeth Taylor in Hollywood (forthcoming, September 2009)

References

1. ^ “Publisher’s Lunch Deluxe: Lunch for Friday, November 3, 2006″ (fee required). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.

elc fuel saver

crystal

NYS Route 298
Length:	14.05 mi (22.61 km)
Formed:	1930s
South end:	I-690 in Syracuse
Major junctions:	I-81 in Syracuse I-90 / Thruway in DeWitt
North end:	NY 31 in Cicero
Counties:	Onondaga
Numbered highways in New York < NY 297 NY 299 > Interstate – U.S. – N.Y. – Reference

New York State Route 298 is a state highway located entirely within Onondaga County, New York. It runs in a generally northeast direction for 14.05 miles (22.61 km) from Interstate 690 in the city of Syracuse to NY 31 near the shores of Oneida Lake. Along its course it has exits with all four Interstate Highways in the area. Most of NY 298 was originally designated as part of NY 91 in 1930 before gaining its current designation later in the decade.

Route description

City of Syracuse

Route 298 begins at Interstate 690’s Exit 9 in Syracuse. Unusually, this terminus is not just administrative (as opposed to other state highways that end at expressways like 17K, 149 and 177), but physical and literal in that 298 merges directly onto the interstate. There is no continuing roadway.

This allows it to provide access from I-690 eastbound to Interstate 81 northbound, which it reaches a mile north of 690 (since 81 and 690 are running almost parallel when they meet in downtown Syracuse, and are elevated, it was extremely impractical to build an onramp between them).

Two blocks after 81, under the name Court Street, 298 intersects with paralleling US 11 at North Salina Street. From here it slowly curves to take a more due-east direction, which takes it through Salina (including Lyncourt) and some industrial parks to Carrier Circle in DeWitt, one of two of New York’s rare traffic circles right off a New York State Thruway exit. NY 635 comes in from the south here as well.

The highway crosses the Thruway itself some distance later, and then leaves the city shortly afterwards.

Northeastern Onondaga County

Shortly beyond the inner city suburbs, 298 encounters Interstate 481 near the hamlet of Collamer. After that interchange, it heads east yet slightly northwards, through increasingly flat, wooded and undeveloped country to Manlius’ Shepps Corners, where it turns northeast once again to enter Cicero.

This goes through the Cicero State Wildlife Management Area, a low-lying swamp that floods the roadway frequently in the spring, and then 298 reaches its northern end at Oneida Park where it intersects NY 31, just short of the county line and the hamlet of Bridgeport.

History

The portion of modern NY 298 from Salina Street (U.S. Route 11) in downtown Syracuse to NY 31 near Bridgeport was originally designated as the northernmost portion of NY 91 as part of the 1930 renumbering. At the time, NY 91 was routed on a then-complete Court Street and Collamer Road between Midler Avenue and Molloy Road. By 1935, NY 91 was truncated to the intersection of US 11 and NY 173 while the former routing of NY 91 from the former northern terminus of its overlap with US 11 to Bridgeport was redesignated as NY 298.

In the 1950s, NY 298 was altered between Midler Avenue and Molloy Road to follow its modern alignment. As part of the rerouting, two traffic circles—the Carrier Circle at the Thompson Road/New York State Thruway intersection and Military Circle at Townline Road—were installed along the route. By 1962, NY 298 had been extended southwestward to its current terminus at Interstate 690 exit 9. At the time, traffic on I-690 flowed directly onto NY 298 and vice versa as the remainder of I-690 east of the interchange had yet to be built. I-690 was completed through the city by 1973.

Major intersections

The entire route is in Onondaga County.

Location	Mile	Roads intersected	Notes
Syracuse	0.00	I-690 west	Exit 9 (I-690)
	1.04	I-81 south	Exit 22 (I-81); access to I-690 east
	1.22	US 11	Access to I-81 north
Salina	3.74	NY 598	Northern terminus of NY 598
DeWitt	5.45	I-90 / Thruway NY 635	Carrier Circle; exit 35 (I-90/Thruway); northern terminus of NY 635
	8.28	I-481	Exit 7 (I-481)
Cicero	14.05	NY 31

References

1. ^ ^{a b} “2007 Traffic Data Report for New York State” (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. 2008-07-25. p. 277. https://www.nysdot.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/NYSDOT_Traffic_Data_Report_2007.pdf. Retrieved on 2008-02-15. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Sun Oil Company. Road Map & Historical Guide - New York . Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. (1935)
3. ^ Leon A. Dickinson (1930-01-12). “New Signs for State Highways”. New York Times: p. 136. 
4. ^ Automobile Legal Association (ALA) Automobile Green Book, 1930/31 and 1931/32 editions, (Scarborough Motor Guide Co., Boston, 1930 and 1931). The 1930/31 edition shows New York state routes prior to the 1930 renumbering
5. ^ Sunoco. New York . Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. (1952)
6. ^ United States Geological Survey. Syracuse East Quadrangle - New York - Onondaga Co. , 1 : 24,000, 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic). (1978) Retrieved on 2008-03-06.
7. ^ Esso. New York with Sight-Seeing Guide . Cartography by General Drafting. (1962)
8. ^ United States Geological Survey. Syracuse West Quadrangle - New York - Onondaga Co. , 1 : 24,000, 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic). (1978) Retrieved on 2008-03-06.

toy kitchen

lens eos

Inga platypteraInga platyptera
Conservation status
Endangered (IUCN 2.3)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Inga Species: I. platyptera
Binomial name
Inga platyptera Benth.

Inga platyptera is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family. It is found only in Brazil.

syringe

Malik Ambar
1549 AD – 1626 AD
Malik Ambar: Pic by Rafat Saeed
Allegiance	Nizam Shah of Ahmednagar

Malik Ambar (1549-1626) was an Ethiopian born in Harar, sold as a child by his parents due to poverty who would eventually come to rule large portions of India. He eventually arrived in India, where he was educated and given opportunities, but he remained a slave. Nevertheless in time he created an independent army that had up to 1500 men. This army resided in the Deccan region and was hired by many local kings. He also founded the city of Aurangabad Maharashtra on the site of a previous village. He eventually rose to become a very popular Prime Minister of Ahmadnagar, showing his administrative acumen in various fields. Malik is also regarded as a pioneer in Guerilla warfare in the Deccan region. He is credited with having carried out a systematic revenue settlement of major portions of the Deccan, which formed the basis for many subsequent settlements. He died in 1626. He is a figure of veneration to the Siddis of Gujarat.He humbled the might of the Mughals and Adil Shah of Bijapur and raised the falling status of the Nizam Shah.

Early life

Malik Ambar was born in the city of Alhura in a Habshi tribe of Maya, the capital of the dying Adal Sultanate, in modern eastern Ethiopia. Both Ethiopia and the rebellious (formerly vassal) Adal sultanate were devastated after two decades of war with each other. According to the Futuhat-i `adil Shahi, Malik Ambar then known as Shambhu or Shan-bu was sold into slavery by his parents. He ended up in al-Mukha in Yemen, where he was sold again for 20 ducats and was taken to the slave market in Baghdad,where he was sold a third time to the Qadi al-Qudat of Mecca and again in Baghdad to Mir Qasim al-Baghdadi, who eventually took him to south-central India. Unlike most slaves sold from Ethiopia, he was ethnically Habesha (by the stricter definitions), as supported by the Dutch merchant Pieter van den Broecke’s description of him, “a black kafir from Abyssinia with a stern Roman face.”

Racist Dutch always tried to colonize even by using European descriptions of Ethiopian King Malik Anbar.

His career

Malik Ambar was the regent of the Nizamshahi dynasty of Ahmednagar from 1607 to 1626. During this period he increased the strength and power of Murtaza Nizam Shah and raised a large army. He changed the capital from Paranda to Junar and founded a new city, Khadki which was later on changed to Aurangabad by the Emperor Aurangzeb when he invaded the Deccan (1658 to 1707). Malik Ambar cherished strong love and ability for architecture. Aurangabad was Ambar’s architectural achievement and creation. Malik Ambar the founder of the city was always referred to by harsh names by Emperor Jahangir. In his memoirs he never mentions his name without prefixing epithets like wretch, cursed fellow, Habshi, Ambar Siyari, black Ambar, and Ambar Badakhtur. Some historians believe that those words came out of frustration as Malik Ambar had resisted the powerful Mughals and kept them away from Deccan. “

Pioneer of guerilla warfare

Malik Ambar is said to be the pioneer of guerilla warfare in the Deccan region. He had mobilized the Marathas who were then farmers, trained them in guerilla warfare. Malik Ambar trained the Marathas and tranformed them into excellent riders, warriors, and masters of surprise attacks on the enemy. This helped Malik Ambar gain a reputation as one general who had never lost a battle. Shahji Bhonsle who was in the servitude in the court of the Sultan assisted him greatly in assembling and training the mobile units of Marathas. Malik Ambar assisted Shah Jahan wrestle power in Delhi from his stepmother, Nur Jahan, who had ambitions of seating her son-in-law on the throne. Maratha fighters were also used for this purpose. Malik Ambar and Shahji had also restored some credibility to the Sultans of Ahmadnagar, who had been subdued by the earlier Mughals (Akbar had annexed Ahmadnagar).

Malik Ambar designs the neher system

Malik Amber is especially famous for the Neher, the water system, the rendering of which to this day is a miracle. His plan for the Nehar was met with sarcasm and ridicule. Vazir Mullah Mohammad declared it as a preposterous fancy which would require ‘Um-Re-Noh’ (Noh’s life span), ‘Sab-Re-Ayub’ ( Ayub’s patience), ‘Khazana-Kharun’ ( Kharun’s treasure). But Malik Ambar completed the Neher within fifteen months, spending a nominal of sum of two and a half lakhs. This city is situated on the banks of river Kham, a small perennial stream which takes it’s rise in the neighbouring hill. “

Conflict with Mughals

Malik Amber thrust defeats on the Mughal General Khan Khanan many times and attacked Ahmadnagar often. Lakhuji Jdhavrao, Maloji Bhosale, Shahaji Bhosale and other Maratha chiefs had gained great prominence during this period. With the help of these Maratha Chiefs, Malik Ambar had captured Ahmednagar Fort and town from the Mughals. But in one of the battles Malik Ambar was defeated by the Mughals and had to lose the fort of Ahmadnagar. Many Maratha Chiefs and especially Lakhuji Jadhavrao joined the Mughals. Shah Jahan once again laid a crushing blow to Malik Ambar in one of the battles and further decreased his power. Malik Ambar was a great statesman and soldier. He humbled the might of the Mughal and Adil Shah of Bijapur and raised the falling status of the Nizam Shah. Though defeated by the Mughals he was never cowed down by their might.

Death

He died in 1626 at the age of 80 (eighty).Malik Ambar had two sons, Fatteh Khan and Changiz Khan. Fatteh Khan succeeded his father as the regent of Mizam Shah.

Comments of Historians

A noted historian Dr. Beni Prasad notes: The chief importance of the Deccan campaigns of the Mughals lies in the opportunities of military training and political power which they afforded to the Marathas. Malik Ambar, who was a great master of the art of guerilla warfare as Shivaji himself, stands as the head of the builders of the Maratha nationality. His primary object was to serve the interest of his own master, but unconsciously he nourished into strength a power which more than avenged the injuries of the South on the Northern power.

Foundation of Aurangabad

He founded/inhabited Aurangabad on the site of the Khirki/Khadke(”Big Rock”) village in 1610. After his death in 1626, the name was change to Fatehpur by his son Fatehkhan. When Aurangzeb, the mughal emperor invaded Deccan in the year 1653, he made Fatehpur his capital and renamed it as Aurangabad. Since then it is known as Aurangabad. Two capital cities Viz. ‘Pratisthan’ (Paithan) i.e. the capital of Satvahanas (2nd B. C. to 3rd A. D.) and Devagiri (Daulatabad) the capital of Yadavas are located within the limits of Aurangabad. Aurangabad is known for the world famous caves at Ellora and Ajantha, the Jyotirlinga of Ghrishneshwar, and the Sant Dnyaneshwar udyan near the Nathsagar dam at Jayakwadi.

References

1. ^ Pankhurst, Richard. The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century (Asmara, Eritrea: Red Sea Press, 1997), pp.432
2. ^ Emery Van Donzel, “Primary and Secondary Sources for Ethiopian Historiography. The Case of Slavery and Slave-Trade in Ethiopia,” in Claude Lepage, ed., Études éthiopiennes, vol I. France: Société française pour les études éthiopiennes, 1994, pp.187-88.
3. ^ E. V. Donzel, “Slave-Trade in Ethiopia,” p.185
4. ^ Qureshi Dulari,“Tourism Potential in Aurangabad,” p.6
5. ^ Qureshi Dulari,“Tourism Potential in Aurangabad,” p.7

elc fuel saver

This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007)

Blue House
Korean name
Hangul ??? Hanja ??? Revised Romanization Cheong(-)wadae McCune- Reischauer Ch’?ngwadae

Cheongwadae (translation: The House of the Blue Roof Tiles or the Blue House, Office of the President of the Republic of Korea) is the executive office and official residence of the South Korean head of state, the President of the Republic of Korea. Both the English and Korean names refer to the building’s blue-green roof. The Korean name has the literal meaning “house of the blue roof tiles.” Cheongwadae is in fact a complex of buildings, built largely in the traditional Korean style with some modern elements.

At present, Cheongwadae consists of the main office building, the official Presidential residence, Yeongbin-gwan (???, ???) or the guest house, the Chunchugwan (???, ???) press hall, and the secretariat buildings. The entire complex covers 76,685 pyeong (about 250,000 m²).

History

The location of Cheongwadae was the site of a royal villa in what was then Hanyang, the southern capital of the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392). It was built by King Sukjong (r. 1095–1105) in 1104. Goryeo’s principal capital was at Kaes?ng, and it also maintained a western capital at Pyongyang and an eastern capital at Gyeongju.

After the Joseon dynasty (1392-1910) moved its capital to Hanyang, Gyeongbok Palace was built in 1395, the fourth year of the reign of King Taejo (r. 1392-1398) as the main palace, and the royal villa lot became the back garden of the palace. It was used as the site for civil service examinations and military training.

Following Japan’s annexation of Korea in 1910, the Governor-General of Korea used the Gyeongbokgung grounds for the government-general building. In 1939, Japan built an official residence/office for the governor-general on the site of Cheongwadae.

With the establishment of the Republic of Korea in 1948, President Syngman Rhee called the building “Gyeongmudae” (???, ???), which was the name of one of the few old buildings there. He used it as his office and residence. President Yun Bo-seon changed the name to “Cheongwadae” after he was inaugurated in 1960.

In 1968 North Korean infiltrators nearly reached the building. In the ensuing melee, 28 North Koreans, 68 South Koreans and three Americans died.

Presidents Park Chung-hee, Choi Kyu-ha and Chun Doo-hwan used it both as their office and official residence. While President Roh Tae-woo was in office, a new office building, official residence, and press center, called Chunchugwan, were built. The main office building was opened in April 1991.

In 1993, after President Kim Young-sam’s civilian administration was launched, the Japanese governor-general’s residence in the Cheongwadae compound was dismantled to remove a major symbol of the Japanese colonial occupation.

Setting

Geomancers have long considered the area in which Cheongwadae is located as an auspicious location. This view was backed up by an inscription on a stone wall that reads: “The Most Blessed Place on Earth,” found behind the official presidential residence during the construction of a new building in 1990.

To the north of Cheongwadae is the mountain Bukhansan, flanked by two mountains, Naksan, symbolizing the Blue Dragon, on the left and Inwangsan, symbolizing the White Tiger, on the right. To the south is Namsan, the protective mountain of the capital. In front flow the Cheonggyecheon stream and Han River.

In culture

• It has been one of the settings for the Korean drama Jinjja Jinjja Joh-ahae.

See also

• Korean architecture
• History of South Korea
• History of Korea
• List of Korea-related topics
• National Assembly Building

References

This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (August 2008)

Hight Chart